Waterlow Score Capture Form - XML Representation - Open Nursing Core FHIR Implementation Guide (ONC-IG) v1.0.0

Open Nursing Core FHIR Implementation Guide (ONC-IG) - Local Development build (v1.0.0) built by the FHIR (HL7® FHIR® Standard) Build Tools. See the Directory of published versions
: Waterlow Score Capture Form - XML Representation

Draft as of 2026-07-10
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<Questionnaire xmlns="http://hl7.org/fhir">
  <id value="onc-waterlow-questionnaire"/>
  <text>
    <status value="extensions"/>
    <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p class="res-header-id"><b>Generated Narrative: Questionnaire onc-waterlow-questionnaire</b></p><a name="onc-waterlow-questionnaire"> </a><a name="hconc-waterlow-questionnaire"> </a><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; font-size: 11px; font-family: verdana; vertical-align: top;"><tr style="border: 2px #F0F0F0 solid; font-size: 11px; font-family: verdana; vertical-align: top"><th style="vertical-align: top; text-align : var(--ig-left,left); background-color: white; border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; padding-top: 3px; padding-bottom: 3px" class="hierarchy"><a href="https://hl7.org/fhir/R4/formats.html#table" title="The linkID for the item">LinkID</a></th><th style="vertical-align: top; text-align : var(--ig-left,left); background-color: white; border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; padding-top: 3px; padding-bottom: 3px" class="hierarchy"><a href="https://hl7.org/fhir/R4/formats.html#table" title="Text for the item">Text</a></th><th style="vertical-align: top; text-align : var(--ig-left,left); background-color: white; border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; padding-top: 3px; padding-bottom: 3px" class="hierarchy"><a href="https://hl7.org/fhir/R4/formats.html#table" title="Minimum and Maximum # of times the item can appear in the instance">Cardinality</a></th><th style="vertical-align: top; text-align : var(--ig-left,left); background-color: white; border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; padding-top: 3px; padding-bottom: 3px" class="hierarchy"><a href="https://hl7.org/fhir/R4/formats.html#table" title="The type of the item">Type</a></th><th style="vertical-align: top; text-align : var(--ig-left,left); background-color: white; border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; padding-top: 3px; padding-bottom: 3px" class="hierarchy"><a href="https://hl7.org/fhir/R4/formats.html#table" title="Additional information about the item">Description &amp; Constraints</a><span style="float: right"><a href="https://hl7.org/fhir/R4/formats.html#table" title="Legend for this format"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" alt="doco" style="background-color: inherit"/></a></span></th></tr><tr style="border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : var(--ig-left,left); background-color: white; border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck1.png)" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon_q_root.gif" alt="." style="background-color: white; background-color: inherit" title="QuestionnaireRoot" class="hierarchy"/> ONCWaterlowQuestionnaire</td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : var(--ig-left,left); background-color: white; border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy">SDC questionnaire for the Waterlow pressure-ulcer risk assessment total score, with a mandatory Monk Skin Tone item (equity fairness gate embedded at the capture layer). The total extracts to an Observation using the ONC Waterlow code; linking the skin-tone Observation via hasMember[skinTone] is the capturing app's responsibility.</td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : var(--ig-left,left); background-color: white; border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : var(--ig-left,left); background-color: white; border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy">Questionnaire</td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : var(--ig-left,left); background-color: white; border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy">https://opennursingcoreig.com/Questionnaire/onc-waterlow-questionnaire#1.0.0</td></tr>
<tr style="border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #F7F7F7"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : var(--ig-left,left); background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck10.png)" id="item.waterlow-total" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vjoin.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon-q-integer.png" alt="." style="background-color: #F7F7F7; background-color: inherit" title="integer" class="hierarchy"/> waterlow-total</td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : var(--ig-left,left); background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy">Waterlow total score (sum of all risk-factor items on the Waterlow chart)</td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : var(--ig-left,left); background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy">1..1</td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : var(--ig-left,left); background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><a href="https://hl7.org/fhir/R4/codesystem-item-type.html#item-type-integer">integer</a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : var(--ig-left,left); background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/></tr>
<tr style="border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : var(--ig-left,left); background-color: white; border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck10.png)" id="item.waterlow-factors" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vjoin.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon-q-text.png" alt="." style="background-color: white; background-color: inherit" title="text" class="hierarchy"/> waterlow-factors</td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : var(--ig-left,left); background-color: white; border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy">Contributing risk factors (build/weight, skin type, continence, mobility, appetite, special risks)</td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : var(--ig-left,left); background-color: white; border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy">0..1</td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : var(--ig-left,left); background-color: white; border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><a href="https://hl7.org/fhir/R4/codesystem-item-type.html#item-type-text">text</a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : var(--ig-left,left); background-color: white; border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/></tr>
<tr style="border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #F7F7F7"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : var(--ig-left,left); background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck10.png)" id="item.waterlow-skintone" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vjoin.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon-q-coding.png" alt="." style="background-color: #F7F7F7; background-color: inherit" title="coding" class="hierarchy"/> waterlow-skintone</td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : var(--ig-left,left); background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy">Monk Skin Tone Scale rating (required — equity fairness gate: pressure-area assessment is incomplete without the patient's skin tone)</td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : var(--ig-left,left); background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy">1..1</td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : var(--ig-left,left); background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><a href="https://hl7.org/fhir/R4/codesystem-item-type.html#item-type-choice">choice</a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : var(--ig-left,left); background-color: #F7F7F7; border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy">Value Set: <a href="ValueSet-onc-monk-scale-vs.html">Monk Skin Tone Scale ValueSet</a></td></tr>
<tr style="border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px; vertical-align: top; background-color: white"><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : var(--ig-left,left); background-color: white; border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px; white-space: nowrap; background-image: url(tbl_bck00.png)" id="item.waterlow-banding" class="hierarchy"><img src="tbl_spacer.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="tbl_vjoin_end.png" alt="." style="background-color: inherit" class="hierarchy"/><img src="icon-q-display.png" alt="." style="background-color: white; background-color: inherit" title="display" class="hierarchy"/> waterlow-banding</td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : var(--ig-left,left); background-color: white; border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy">Risk banding: ≥10 at risk · ≥15 high risk · ≥20 very high risk. On darker skin tones do not rely on redness/blanching alone — assess for localised heat, oedema, induration and pain.</td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : var(--ig-left,left); background-color: white; border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy">0..1</td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : var(--ig-left,left); background-color: white; border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"><a href="https://hl7.org/fhir/R4/codesystem-item-type.html#item-type-display">display</a></td><td style="vertical-align: top; text-align : var(--ig-left,left); background-color: white; border: 1px #F0F0F0 solid; padding:0px 4px 0px 4px" class="hierarchy"/></tr>
<tr><td colspan="5" class="hierarchy"><br/><a href="https://hl7.org/fhir/R4/formats.html#table" title="Legend for this format"><img src="data:image/png;base64,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" alt="doco" style="background-color: inherit"/> Documentation for this format</a></td></tr></table></div>
  </text>
  <extension
             url="http://hl7.org/fhir/uv/sdc/StructureDefinition/sdc-questionnaire-observationExtract">
    <valueBoolean value="true"/>
  </extension>
  <url
       value="https://opennursingcoreig.com/Questionnaire/onc-waterlow-questionnaire"/>
  <version value="1.0.0"/>
  <name value="ONCWaterlowQuestionnaire"/>
  <title value="Waterlow Score (Pressure Ulcer Risk)"/>
  <status value="draft"/>
  <subjectType value="Patient"/>
  <date value="2026-07-10T11:01:35+00:00"/>
  <publisher value="The Open Nursing Community"/>
  <description
               value="SDC questionnaire for the Waterlow pressure-ulcer risk assessment total score, with a mandatory Monk Skin Tone item (equity fairness gate embedded at the capture layer). The total extracts to an Observation using the ONC Waterlow code; linking the skin-tone Observation via hasMember[skinTone] is the capturing app's responsibility."/>
  <item>
    <extension
               url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/questionnaire-unit">
      <valueCoding>
        <system value="http://unitsofmeasure.org"/>
        <code value="{score}"/>
        <display value="{score}"/>
      </valueCoding>
    </extension>
    <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/minValue">
      <valueInteger value="0"/>
    </extension>
    <extension url="http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/maxValue">
      <valueInteger value="64"/>
    </extension>
    <linkId value="waterlow-total"/>
    <code>
      <system
              value="https://opennursingcoreig.com/CodeSystem/onc-observation-codes"/>
      <code value="waterlow-score"/>
      <display value="Waterlow Score"/>
    </code>
    <text
          value="Waterlow total score (sum of all risk-factor items on the Waterlow chart)"/>
    <type value="integer"/>
    <required value="true"/>
  </item>
  <item>
    <linkId value="waterlow-factors"/>
    <text
          value="Contributing risk factors (build/weight, skin type, continence, mobility, appetite, special risks)"/>
    <type value="text"/>
    <required value="false"/>
  </item>
  <item>
    <linkId value="waterlow-skintone"/>
    <code>
      <system
              value="https://opennursingcoreig.com/CodeSystem/onc-observation-codes"/>
      <code value="mst-score"/>
      <display value="Monk Skin Tone Score"/>
    </code>
    <text
          value="Monk Skin Tone Scale rating (required — equity fairness gate: pressure-area assessment is incomplete without the patient's skin tone)"/>
    <type value="choice"/>
    <required value="true"/>
    <answerValueSet
                    value="https://opennursingcoreig.com/ValueSet/onc-monk-scale-vs"/>
  </item>
  <item>
    <linkId value="waterlow-banding"/>
    <text
          value="Risk banding: ≥10 at risk · ≥15 high risk · ≥20 very high risk. On darker skin tones do not rely on redness/blanching alone — assess for localised heat, oedema, induration and pain."/>
    <type value="display"/>
  </item>
</Questionnaire>